In fact, I did not perform any operations on the data.

int bitOffset = 2;
int out_height = 4024;
int out_width= 6024;
int out_rect.y = 0;
int out_rect.x = 0;
int dwBufLen = out_width * 3 * out_height;

unsigned char *szImgBuff = new (nothrow) unsigned char[dwBufLen];
unsigned short *pSrc = (unsigned short *)rawProcessor->imgdata.rawdata.raw_image;
if (!pSrc)
{
printf("error raw_image is null\n");
return false;
}

unsigned short *pDst = (unsigned short *)szImgBuff;
unsigned short *pDstPix = NULL;
unsigned short *pSrcPix = NULL;
pSrc += out_rect.y * raw_width + out_rect.x;
pDstPix = (unsigned short *)szImgBuff;
for (int y = 0; y < out_height; y++)
{
pSrcPix = pSrc;
pDstPix = pDst;
for (int x = 0; x < out_width; x++, pSrcPix++, pDstPix++)
{
*pDstPix = (*pSrcPix << bitOffset);
}

pSrc += raw_width;
pDst += out_width;
}
outfile.close();
FILE *fp1 = fopen("DSC07102", "wb+");
fwrite(szImgBuff, 1, dwBufLen, fp1);
fclose(fp1);

Thank you, I think I need to take a look RawDigger.

What do I need to do to open (black subtraction is on)

(black subtraction is off) Will opening improve,How to open it ?

Here is RAW data histogram of the RAW image you sent: https://www.dropbox.com/s/bapkupc7bw3m220/Screenshot%202023-04-24%2012.0...
(black subtraction is turned off).

As you can see, the maximum value is 16500, slightly above 16383 (2^14-1)

If you scale data before recording by multiplying to 4 (to get 65535 range you mentioned above) this will result into 16-bit overflow.

If you do NOT scale data you'll never see ~65535 range because camera data range is (about) 0-2^14

Here is your file converted via dcraw_emu -T -w: https://www.dropbox.com/s/ipedoyrum83pfqp/DSC07102.ARW.tif?dl=0

I do not see any problem with decoding/rendering.

I do not know how your decoded file is created, have not seen into it, so could not comment.

You may use WeTransfer service/free option and send files to info@libraw.org

Could you please share a RAW file sample?

If you are an end user of some application that uses LibRaw, then you can try to create user pressure on your vendor to take advantage of the early access option

What specific Sony lossy compression variant you're asking about?

Thanks for looking into this so quickly, I still think the crop should match the metadata in the file, then the returned data would match the jpeg the camera produces as well as other apps etc. but as you say, there is real picture info there, and the choice is yours!

Here's a link to a folder with some sample files. https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1DwMJFINzWfmGnCNYz7FptMZ74m5u8439...

Note the first 3 files are basically black, last 2 are 'real' photos.

The Camera is just a Canon R with a modified infra-red cut filter, apart from the name change, the files should look exactly like Canon R files